The Union Judiciary

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Class 10 Civics Chapter 4
The Union Judiciary
Important Questions

Q: Q3: How are judges of the Supreme Court appointed?

Ans: Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President of India, based on the recommendations of the Collegium system, which includes the Chief Justice of India and four senior-most judges of the court.

Here are class 10 The Union Judiciary important questions and answers.These questions aim to aid students in practising and achieving high scores in their ICSE Class 10 History & Civics Examination 2024-25. Diverse question types will assist in clarifying doubts and effective exam preparation, enhancing problem-solving skills, and building confidence. Important questions of civics class 10 will be helpful in preparing well for the exam.

Table of Contents

Introduction

The apex of India’s judiciary is the Supreme Court, governing disputes between government bodies, safeguarding citizens’ rights, and upholding the Constitution. Judges, appointed by the President based on Collegium recommendations, ensure an independent judiciary, serving until age 65 unless impeached for misconduct. With powers spanning original and appellate jurisdiction, protection of fundamental rights through writs, and the authority of judicial review, the Supreme Court holds sway over constitutional compliance, validating or nullifying legislative and executive actions. These concepts are crucial when studying class 10 The Union Judiciary important questions and answers.

What is The Union Judiciary?

The Union Judiciary in India refers to the highest tier of the country’s legal system, primarily overseen by the Supreme Court, which functions as the apex authority. This crucial institution upholds the Constitution, resolves disputes between governmental entities, and safeguards the fundamental rights of Indian citizens. Supreme Court judges, appointed by the President upon the Collegium’s recommendations, ensure an independent judiciary and typically serve until the age of 65, unless impeached for misconduct. Endowed with vast powers including original and appellate jurisdiction, protection of fundamental rights through writs, and the pivotal authority of judicial review, the Union Judiciary oversees the adherence to constitutional principles, determining the validity of legislative and executive actions.

Class 10 The Union Judiciary Important Questions and Answers

Q 1. An address to impeach a judge of the Supreme Court must be supported by:

Options

(a) 1/3rd majority
(b) 2/3rd majority
(c) 1/2nd majority
(d) None of these

Ans.(b) 2/3rd majority

Explanation:
An address to impeach a judge of the Supreme Court should be passed in each House of the Parliament, supported by a simple majority of the total strength of a House, and by a two-thirds majority of those present and voting in both the Houses. It is then presented to the President. This procedure is called the impeachment of a judge.

Q 2. Which Article of the Indian Constitution gives wide discretionary powers to the Supreme Court to grant a special leave to appeal in any cause or matter related to civil cases?

Options

(a) Article-121
(b) Article-131
(c) Article-135
(d) Article-136

Ans.(d) Article-136

Explanation:
Article-136 of the Indian Constitution gives wide discretionary powers to the Supreme Court to grant a special leave to appeal in any cause or matter related to civil cases.

Q 3. Supreme Court as a Court of Record.

Explanation:
Supreme Court as a Court of Record :
(i) A court of record is a court whose acts and proceedings are enrolled for perpetual memory and testimony. The judgments are in the nature of the precedents i.e., the High Court and other courts are bound to give the same decisions in similar cases.
(ii) Article 129 provides that the Supreme Court shall be a court of record and shall have all the powers of such a court including the power to punish for contempt of itself.
(iii) Article 215 contains similar provision in respect of the High Court. Both the Supreme Court as well as the High Courts are courts of record having powers to punish for contempt including the power to punish for contempt of itself.

Q 4. Mention two circumstances in which the office of a Judge of the Supreme Court falls vacant.

Explanation:

The circumstances in which the office of a Judge of the Supreme Court falls vacant are :
1. He can be removed on grounds of 'Proved Misbehaviour' or 'Incapacity’.
2. A Judge may resign himself on the grounds of health, or may retire from his office.

Q 5. Write any three ways by which the Constitution ensures the Independence of the Judiciary.

OR
Discuss the manner in which the Constitution seeks to maintain the Independence of the Judges of the Supreme Court.

Explanation:

The Independence of the Judges of the Supreme Court is ensured by the Constitution in following ways :
(i) Security of Service : The Judges of the Supreme Court cannot be removed from office until they complete 65 years of age or they have been removed by the Parliament.
(ii) Emoluments not Subject to Reduction : Emoluments of judges cannot be reduced during their tenure until there is a Financial Emergency in the country.
(iii) No discussion in Legislature on the conduct of a Judge : This discussion is held only when the House wants to remove the judge, otherwise the discussion about the conduct of any judge cannot be held in any Legislature.
(iv) Freedom to Announce Decisions and Decrees : The judges have freedom to decide cases without any danger to their person, property or fame.

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ICSE Class 10 history and civics Chapter wise Important Questions

Chapter No.	Chapter Name
History
Chapter 1	The Indian National Movement (1857 - 1917)
Chapter 2	Rise of nationalism and establishment of the indian national congress
Chapter 3	First phase of the indian national movement (1885 – 1907)
Chapter 4	The Partition of Bengal
Chapter 5	Second phase of the indian national movement (1905 – 1916)
Chapter 6	Formation and Objectives of the Muslim League
Chapter 7	Mahatma Gandhi and Popular National Movements
Chapter 8	Events Leading to the Quit India Movement (1935-1943)
Chapter 9	Subhash Chandra Bose and the Indian National Army (INA)
Chapter 10	Independence and Partition of India (1944-1947)
Chapter 11	World War I and treaty of versailles
Chapter 12	Rise of Dictatorships
Chapter 13	The Second World War
Chapter 14	United Nations
Chapter 15	Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
Civics
Chapter 16	The Union Parliament
Chapter 17	The Executive (President and Vice President)
Chapter 18	The Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers
Chapter 19	The Union Judiciary
Chapter 20	The State Judiciary

Conclusion

If you are looking to further practice and enhance your understanding of the concepts discussed in the chapter, oswal.io provides a comprehensive set of questions of important questions of civics class 10 for understanding the concept in a better way.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1: What is the Union Judiciary?

Ans: The Union Judiciary refers to the Supreme Court at the national level in India. It is the highest court in the country and acts as the final appellate court, the guarantor of the Constitution of India, and the protector of the fundamental rights of the citizens.

Chapter Wise Important Questions for ICSE Board Class 10 History & Civics
The Indian National Movement (1857 - 1917)
Rise of nationalism and establishment of the indian national congress
First phase of the indian national movement (1885 – 1907)
The Partition of Bengal
Second phase of the indian national movement (1905 – 1916)
Formation and Objectives of the Muslim League
Mahatma Gandhi and Popular National Movements
Events Leading to the Quit India Movement (1935-1943)
Subhash Chandra Bose and the Indian National Army (INA)
Independence and Partition of India (1944-1947)
World War I and treaty of versailles
Rise of Dictatorships
The Second World War
United Nations
Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
The Union Parliament
The Executive (President and Vice President)
The Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers
The Union Judiciary
The State Judiciary

Class 10 Civics Chapter 4
The Union Judiciary
Important Questions

Introduction

What is The Union Judiciary?

Class 10 The Union Judiciary Important Questions and Answers

Q 1. An address to impeach a judge of the Supreme Court must be supported by:

Options

(a) 1/3rd majority
(b) 2/3rd majority
(c) 1/2nd majority
(d) None of these

Q 2. Which Article of the Indian Constitution gives wide discretionary powers to the Supreme Court to grant a special leave to appeal in any cause or matter related to civil cases?

Options

(a) Article-121
(b) Article-131
(c) Article-135
(d) Article-136

Q 3. Supreme Court as a Court of Record.

Q 4. Mention two circumstances in which the office of a Judge of the Supreme Court falls vacant.

Q 5. Write any three ways by which the Constitution ensures the Independence of the Judiciary.

OR
Discuss the manner in which the Constitution seeks to maintain the Independence of the Judges of the Supreme Court.

ICSE Class 10 history and civics Chapter wise Important Questions

Conclusion

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1: What is the Union Judiciary?

Q2: Who heads the Union Judiciary?

Q3: How are judges of the Supreme Court appointed?

Q4: What is the tenure of a Supreme Court judge?

Q5: What is the strength of the Supreme Court of India?

Class 10 Civics Chapter 4 The Union Judiciary Important Questions

Introduction

What is The Union Judiciary?

Class 10 The Union Judiciary Important Questions and Answers

Q 1. An address to impeach a judge of the Supreme Court must be supported by:

Options

(a) 1/3rd majority (b) 2/3rd majority (c) 1/2nd majority (d) None of these

Q 2. Which Article of the Indian Constitution gives wide discretionary powers to the Supreme Court to grant a special leave to appeal in any cause or matter related to civil cases?

Options

(a) Article-121 (b) Article-131 (c) Article-135 (d) Article-136

Q 3. Supreme Court as a Court of Record.

Q 4. Mention two circumstances in which the office of a Judge of the Supreme Court falls vacant.

Q 5. Write any three ways by which the Constitution ensures the Independence of the Judiciary.

OR Discuss the manner in which the Constitution seeks to maintain the Independence of the Judges of the Supreme Court.

ICSE Class 10 history and civics Chapter wise Important Questions

Conclusion

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1: What is the Union Judiciary?

Q2: Who heads the Union Judiciary?

Q3: How are judges of the Supreme Court appointed?

Q4: What is the tenure of a Supreme Court judge?

Q5: What is the strength of the Supreme Court of India?

Class 10 Civics Chapter 4
The Union Judiciary
Important Questions

(a) 1/3rd majority
(b) 2/3rd majority
(c) 1/2nd majority
(d) None of these

(a) Article-121
(b) Article-131
(c) Article-135
(d) Article-136

OR
Discuss the manner in which the Constitution seeks to maintain the Independence of the Judges of the Supreme Court.