Rise of nationalism and establishment of the indian national congress

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Class 10 History Chapter 2
Rise of nationalism and establishment of the Indian national congress
Important Questions

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Table of Contents

Introduction

Indian nationalism burgeoned as a unified political ideology following a series of events and factors that fostered a collective national identity among the diverse regions and communities in India.The rise of Indian nationalism marked the beginning of a unified national consciousness against British imperialism. The formation of the Indian National Congress facilitated a structured and organised form of political activism, marking a significant phase in the Indian freedom struggle by promoting dialogue, cooperation, and a sense of collective identity among Indians against colonial rule. These concepts are crucial when studying class 10 Rise of nationalism and establishment of the indian national congress important questions and answers.

What is the Rise of nationalism in India?

The rise of nationalism in India surged in response to British colonial oppression, catalyzed by socio-cultural movements, the formation of organizations like the Indian National Congress, and the influence of key leaders advocating for independence. Grievances against British policies, coupled with a growing sense of Indian identity and pride in heritage, fueled a united front against colonial rule. Events like the partition of Bengal and India’s contributions to world wars amplified demands for self-governance. Visionaries such as Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru played pivotal roles in shaping the movement, leading to India’s hard-fought independence in 1947 after decades of struggle and resistance.

Class 10 Rise of nationalism and establishment of the Indian national congress important questions and answers

Q1. Identify one of the immediate objectives of the Congress as stated by W.C. Bonnerjee.

Options

(a) Holding of Indian Civil Service examination both in England and India
(b) Appointment of a Royal Commission to enquire into the working of the Indian administration
(c) To train and mobilise public opinion all over the country
(d) Expansion of the Legislative Councils

Ans. (c) To train and mobilise public opinion all over the country

Explanation:

W.C.Banerjee's declared aim for the Indian National Congress was to promote and consolidate the feeling of national unity and to formulate and present popular demands to the government.

Q2. Arrange these newspapers according to starting date from the past to the present:
I. Pioneer newspaper was started.
II. The Hindu was published in Madras.
III. The Statesman supported the policies of the government, yet they kept the people abreast about the political developments in the country.
IV. The Times of India was founded.Choose the correct option:

Options

(a) IV, I, III, II
(b) II, III, I, IV
(c) III, I, II, IV
(d) I, III, IV, II

Ans. (a) IV, I, III, II

Explanation:
The printing press has been instrumental in disseminating ideas to the masses. It facilitated the publication of numerous nationalist journals aimed at stirring the Indian public's sentiments against oppressive British rule. These newspapers actively promoted notions of nationalism, patriotism, justice, liberty, and equality in the country.

Q3. With reference to the rise of ‘National Consciousness’ in India, explain the following : Any three contributions of Raja Rammohan Roy.

Explanation:

Three contributions of Raja Rammohan Roy: 1. In 1828, he founded the Brahmo Sabha, which was later renamed, Brahmo Samaj. The Brahmo Samaj believed in Monotheism or worship of one God. It condemned idol worship and laid emphasis on prayer, meditation, charity, morality and strengthening the bonds of unity between men of all religions and creeds. 2. He was against the rigidity of the caste system. He started a campaign for the abolition of the Sati and Purdah system, condemned polygamy, discouraged child marriages and advocated the right of widows to remarry. 3. It was because of the efforts made by Raja Rammohan Roy that William Bentinck, the Governor General of India, passed a law in 1821 making the practice of Sati illegal and punishable by law. He also protested against restrictions on the freedom of press.

Q4. With reference to the growth of National Consciousness in India, explain the following : The immediate objectives of the Indian National Congress.Explanation

Explanation:

The immediate objectives of the Indian National Congress : In the Presidential address of the first session of the Indian National Congress held at Bombay in December, 1885, W.C. Bonnerjee declared the following as the objectives of the Indian National Congress :

1. To promote friendly relations between nationalist political workers from different parts of the country.

2. To develop and consolidate the feelings of national unity irrespective of caste, religion or province.

3. To formulate popular demands and present them before the government.

4. To train and organise public opinion in the country. The Congress held its sessions every year in December to chalk out programmes to achieve its aims. Changes were made in the above mentioned aims of the Congress from time to time according to the changed circumstances.

Q5. “The Vernacular Press Act was the main factor which infused the sense of national pride amongst the people of India.” Discuss

Explanation:
The Vernacular Press Act : The Vernacular Press was the main source which could spread the message of patriotism among the people. It also created economic, social and political awareness among the people. During the second half of the nineteenth century, a number of newspapers, journals, magazines were published in different Indian languages which criticised the British administration, for its indifference towards the welfare of the Indians. Sixty two newspapers were on the scene by 1877, and they enjoyed a wide circulation. Soon the Vernacular Press Act of Lord Lytton in 1878 laid down that the newspaper editors were to sign a bond that they would publish nothing which would create feelings of dissatisfaction against the Government. This was a repressive measure of the British, therefore a wave of bitterness against the British spread. In spite of all restrictions, the Indian Press continued to criticise the British Government. As a result, the Vernacular Press Act was withdrawn by Lord Ripon in 1882, but the Act already had its adverse effect on the Indian people who were filled with the spirit of Nationalism. Many Indian writers wrote books on patriotism. Bankim Chandra’s famous book ‘Anandmath’ inspired the IndiAns. The book in Bengali and translated into Marathi, Tamil, Hindi and Urdu, provided great inspiration to the people in uniting Indians.

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ICSE Class 10 History and Civics Chapter wise Important Questions

Chapter No.	Chapter Name
History
Chapter 1	The Indian National Movement (1857 - 1917)
Chapter 2	Rise of nationalism and establishment of the indian national congress
Chapter 3	First phase of the indian national movement (1885 – 1907)
Chapter 4	The Partition of Bengal
Chapter 5	Second phase of the indian national movement (1905 – 1916)
Chapter 6	Formation and Objectives of the Muslim League
Chapter 7	Mahatma Gandhi and Popular National Movements
Chapter 8	Events Leading to the Quit India Movement (1935-1943)
Chapter 9	Subhash Chandra Bose and the Indian National Army (INA)
Chapter 10	Independence and Partition of India (1944-1947)
Chapter 11	World War I and treaty of versailles
Chapter 12	Rise of Dictatorships
Chapter 13	The Second World War
Chapter 14	United Nations
Chapter 15	Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
Civics
Chapter 16	The Union Parliament
Chapter 17	The Executive (President and Vice President)
Chapter 18	The Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers
Chapter 19	The Union Judiciary
Chapter 20	The State Judiciary

Conclusion

If you are looking to further practice and enhance your understanding of the concepts discussed in the chapter, oswal.io provides a comprehensive set of questions of ICSE Class 10 history important questions for understanding the concept in a better way.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1 : What factors contributed to the rise of nationalism in India?

Ans: The factors contributing to the rise of nationalism in India include the introduction of Western education, the economic exploitation by British policies, the spread of the English language, the role of the press, political discontent due to discrimination in administration, and the influence of global democratic and liberal thought.

Q2 : How did Western education influence Indian nationalism?

Ans: Western education exposed Indians to global democratic, liberal, and nationalist ideas, leading to a new intellectual awakening. It also made Indians realise their oppression and led to a more unified and organised expression of nationalism against colonial rule.

Q3 : Who were the key figures in establishing the Indian National Congress (INC)?

Ans: Allan Octavian Hume, Dadabhai Naoroji, Dinshaw Wacha, Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee, and Monomohun Ghose were among the key figures in establishing the INC.

Q4 : What were the initial objectives of the Indian National Congress?

Ans: Initially, the INC aimed at constitutional reforms that would provide a larger role to Indians in governance and create a platform for civic and political dialogue. They sought civil rights and a greater share in the administration for educated Indians.

Q5 : When and where was the first session of the Indian National Congress held?

Ans: The first session of the INC was held from 28-31 December 1885 in Bombay (now Mumbai), and it was presided over by Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee.

Chapter Wise Important Questions for ICSE Board Class 10 History & Civics
The Indian National Movement (1857 - 1917)
Rise of nationalism and establishment of the indian national congress
First phase of the indian national movement (1885 – 1907)
The Partition of Bengal
Second phase of the indian national movement (1905 – 1916)
Formation and Objectives of the Muslim League
Mahatma Gandhi and Popular National Movements
Events Leading to the Quit India Movement (1935-1943)
Subhash Chandra Bose and the Indian National Army (INA)
Independence and Partition of India (1944-1947)
World War I and treaty of versailles
Rise of Dictatorships
The Second World War
United Nations
Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
The Union Parliament
The Executive (President and Vice President)
The Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers
The Union Judiciary
The State Judiciary

Class 10 History Chapter 2 Rise of nationalism and establishment of the Indian national congress Important Questions

Introduction

What is the Rise of nationalism in India?

Class 10 Rise of nationalism and establishment of the Indian national congress important questions and answers

Q1. Identify one of the immediate objectives of the Congress as stated by W.C. Bonnerjee.

Options

(a) Holding of Indian Civil Service examination both in England and India (b) Appointment of a Royal Commission to enquire into the working of the Indian administration (c) To train and mobilise public opinion all over the country (d) Expansion of the Legislative Councils

Options

(a) IV, I, III, II (b) II, III, I, IV (c) III, I, II, IV (d) I, III, IV, II

Q3. With reference to the rise of ‘National Consciousness’ in India, explain the following : Any three contributions of Raja Rammohan Roy.

Q4. With reference to the growth of National Consciousness in India, explain the following : The immediate objectives of the Indian National Congress.Explanation

Q5. “The Vernacular Press Act was the main factor which infused the sense of national pride amongst the people of India.” Discuss

ICSE Class 10 History and Civics Chapter wise Important Questions

Conclusion

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1 : What factors contributed to the rise of nationalism in India?

Q2 : How did Western education influence Indian nationalism?

Q3 : Who were the key figures in establishing the Indian National Congress (INC)?

Q4 : What were the initial objectives of the Indian National Congress?

Q5 : When and where was the first session of the Indian National Congress held?

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Class 10 History Chapter 2
Rise of nationalism and establishment of the Indian national congress
Important Questions

(a) Holding of Indian Civil Service examination both in England and India
(b) Appointment of a Royal Commission to enquire into the working of the Indian administration
(c) To train and mobilise public opinion all over the country
(d) Expansion of the Legislative Councils

(a) IV, I, III, II
(b) II, III, I, IV
(c) III, I, II, IV
(d) I, III, IV, II