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Mahatma Gandhi and Popular National Movements

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Class 10 History Chapter 7
Mahatma Gandhi and Popular National Movements
Important Questions

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Here are some important class 10 Mahatma Gandhi and Popular National Movements important questions and answers. These questions aim to aid students in practising and achieving high scores in their ICSE Class 10 History & Civics Examination 2024-25. Diverse question types will assist in clarifying doubts and effective exam preparation, enhancing problem-solving skills, and building confidence. Important questions for class 10 icse history will be helpful in preparing well for the exam.

Introduction

Mahatma Gandhi, also known as Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, played a central role in the Indian National Movement and led several popular national movements for India’s independence from British colonial rule. His leadership and advocacy of non-violent resistance left an indelible mark on the history of the Indian freedom struggle. Mahatma Gandhi’s contributions to the Indian National Movement and his embodiment of the principles of non-violence continue to be celebrated in India and globally as a symbol of peace, justice, and the power of nonviolent resistance.These concepts are crucial when studying class 10 Mahatma Gandhi and Popular National Movements important questions and answers.

What are Mahatma Gandhi and Popular National Movements?

Mahatma Gandhi, a prominent leader of India’s struggle for independence, became the face of popular national movements that reshaped the country’s quest for freedom. Employing nonviolent civil disobedience as a potent tool, Gandhi led various campaigns, including the Non-Cooperation Movement, the Salt March, and the Quit India Movement. His philosophy of Satyagraha (truth-force) emphasized the power of peaceful resistance and appealed to the masses, transcending social barriers and uniting people across the nation. Gandhi’s calls for self-reliance, the promotion of khadi (homespun cloth), and his emphasis on communal harmony resonated deeply, galvanizing widespread participation in the struggle against British colonial rule. His leadership and ideologies not only propelled India towards independence but also inspired similar movements for civil rights and freedom across the globe.
ICSE Chapter 7 01 2

Class 10 Mahatma Gandhi and Popular National Movements Important Questions and Answers

Q1. What was the reason for the withdrawal of the Civil Disobedience Movement? Options
Options
(a) Chauri-Chaura incident
(b) Poona Pact
(c) Simon Commission
(d) Gandhi-Irwin Pact

Ans. (d) Gandhi-Irwin Pact

Explanation:

The Civil Disobedience Movement concluded due to the signing of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact on March 5, 1931, between Mahatma Gandhi and the Viceroy of India, Lord Irwin.

Q2. Which of the following titles was given by Mahatma Gandhi to Bal Gangadhar Tilak?
Options
(a) The Maker of Modern India
(b) The Iron Man of India
(c) Sultan of India
(d) Seemant Gandhi

Ans. (a) The Maker of Modern India

Explanation:

He was known as "The father of the Indian unrest" by British colonial authorities, conferred with the title of "Lokmanya" (meaning "accepted by the people as their leader"), and referred to as "The Maker of Modern India" by Mahatma Gandhi.

Q3. State any two causes for the Non-Cooperation Movement.

Explanation:

Two causes for the Non-Cooperation Movement were :
1.The Rowlatt Act was passed in March 1919 which gave extraordinary powers to the British to imprison any person without trial. There was a terrible massacre at Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar on April 13, 1919 which led to the Non-Cooperation Movement.
2.The Khilafat Movement was started by Ali Brothers in August 1920 for the preservation of Khalifa, the religious head of the Muslims. Gandhiji combined the Khilafat Movement with the Non Cooperation Movement as he saw this as an opportunity to unite the Hindus and Muslims.

Q4. State any three provisions of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact as a result of the Civil Disobedience Movement.

Explanation:

The government, in a significant move, agreed to a series of concessions during negotiations. These included the withdrawal of all ordinances, the release of all political prisoners except those involved in violent activities, the permission for peaceful picketing of liquor and foreign cloth shops, and the revocation of the ban on the INC. These agreements marked a turning point in the political landscape at the time.

Q5. The British Government announced the formation of the Simon Commission in 1927. In this context briefly explain the purpose of its formation and its main recommendations.

Explanation:

However, the Simon Commission completed its task and submitted its report. The following were the main features of the report :
(i) Complete autonomy in the Provinces, including the department of law and order, but the Governor was given overriding powers in certain matters.
(ii) British troops and British officers to stay on in Indian regiments for many years.
(iii) Federal Government at the centre, embracing not only British Indian but the Princely States as well.
(iv) Provincial Legislative Councils to be enlarged.
(v) The Governor-General to select and appoint members of his cabinet.
(vi) High Courts to be under the administrative control of the Government of India.

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ICSE Class 10 History and Civics Chapter wise Important Questions

Conclusion

If you are looking to further practice and enhance your understanding of the concepts discussed in the chapter, oswal.io provides a comprehensive set of questions of ICSE Class 10 history important questions for understanding the concept in a better way.

Frequently Asked Questions

Ans: Mahatma Gandhi, also known as Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, was a prominent leader in the Indian National Movement. He is often referred to as the “Father of the Nation” for his pivotal role in India’s struggle for independence. Gandhi advocated for non-violent civil disobedience and played a leading role in mass movements against British colonial rule.
Ans: Satyagraha is a term coined by Gandhi, which means “truth force” or “soul force.” It is a philosophy and practice of nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience. Gandhi used Satyagraha as a powerful tool to protest against British injustices and mobilise the masses in a non-violent manner.
Ans: Gandhi led numerous movements, including the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922), the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934), the Quit India Movement (1942), and many others. These movements aimed to challenge British rule and gain independence for India.
Ans: The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched in 1920 and aimed to boycott British institutions, goods, and services. It was a significant movement as it marked mass participation and marked the first time Indians collectively refused to cooperate with the British colonial authorities.
Ans: The Civil Disobedience Movement, launched in 1930, involved the non-violent refusal to obey certain laws, demands, and commands of the British government. It included the famous Salt March to Dandi, where Gandhi and his followers marched to the Arabian Sea to make their own salt, in defiance of British salt laws.
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