Class 10 Geography Chapter 6
Manufacturing Industries
Important Questions

Explanation:
Factors affecting the location of industries in India are :
1. Raw Material : The easy availability of raw materials is an important factor that affects the bay (now Mumbai) had supply of cotton coming from Gujarat and Vidarbha and the jute mills of Hooghly region got the raw material from the delta region of the Ganga. The nature of raw material also has a bearing on the location.
2. Energy : Energy is another important factor that affects the location of an industry. For example, the iron and steel industry has been traditionally tied with the coal resources, as it uses coal as cooking fuel. Similarly, the electro-metallurgical and electro-chemical industries, being power intensive, have been located where electricity is easily available.
3. Transport : A cheap and effective transport system is another factor that determines the location of an industry. Transport is required for carrying raw materials to manufacturing units and finished products to the market. The earliest industries developed near the port towns of Kolkata, Mumbai and Chennai, as these ports were linked with rail and road to the hinterland. This infrastructure for transport was further developed after Independence.
4. Labour : Easy availability of cheap labour is another factor for the determination of the location of an industry. Unskilled labour is easily available in urban locations due to large rural-urban migration. One characteristic feature of labour as a factor of production is its mobility. The industrial belt around Mumbai attracts labour from all over the country. Some of the small-scale industries traditionally associated with labour are glass work (Firozabad), brass work (Moradabad), utensils (Yamunanagar in Haryana), silk sarees (Varanasi), carpets (Mirzapur), etc.
5. Market : High demand and a satisfactory purchasing power give impetus to industrial development. Government policies facilitate expansion of the market and, thus, of the industry. Markets may be local, national or international.