Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 6
Electrolysis
Important Questions

In ICSE Class 10 “Electrolysis” Electrolysis is a process defined as the breakdown of ionic compounds into their constituent elements by applying a continuous electric current through the compound while it’s in a liquid state. During this process, cations undergo reduction at the cathode, while anions are oxidised at the anode. Essential components required for conducting electrolysis include an electrolyte, electrodes, and an external power source. Optionally, a barrier such as an ion-exchange membrane or a salt bridge may be used, mainly to prevent the products from migrating toward the opposite electrode.
For instance, when an acidic or salt-containing water solution is subjected to an electric current, it can be separated into its original elements, namely hydrogen and oxygen. Similarly, molten sodium chloride can be decomposed into sodium and chlorine atoms.
The electrolysis process is typically carried out within a vessel referred to as an “electrolytic cell,” which houses two electrodes, known as the cathode and anode. These electrodes are connected to a direct current source, and the electrolyte, which is an ionic compound undergoing decomposition, can exist either in a molten state or be dissolved in an appropriate solvent. Electrodes are typically fabricated from materials like metal, graphite, or semiconductor materials, with the selection based on factors such as the chemical reactivity between the electrode and the electrolyte, as well as manufacturing cost considerations.