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Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Home / Boards / CBSE / Important Questions / Class 12 / Biology / Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Class 12 Biology Chapter 1
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Important Questions

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Explore crucial questions related to Chapter 1 on Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants for Class 12 Biology. These specific queries have been crafted to assist students in preparing for the CBSE Class 12 Biology Examination 2024–25. Engaging with various question formats will enable students to address uncertainties, ensuring thorough readiness for the upcoming exams. Tackling these questions not only boosts confidence but also hones problem-solving skills. Elevate your understanding of sexual reproduction in flowering plants with these essential sexual reproduction in flowering plants most important questions, covering both the vital and most important aspects of the topic.

Introduction

In the First chapter of Class 12 Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, you will delve into foundational elements encompassing topics such as:
  • The Enigmatic Nature of the Angiosperm’s Flower
  • Structural Components and Sequences of Pre-Fertilization Events
  • Dual Fertilisation Mechanisms
  • Structural Components and Sequences of Post-Fertilization Events
  • Examination of Apomixis and Polyembryony
Throughout this chapter, emphasis is placed on elucidating critical sexual reproduction in flowering plants questions, especially those deemed as class 12 important questions.

What is Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants?

Sexual reproduction in flowering plants involves the fusion of male and female reproductive cells to create new offspring. The male gametes, contained within pollen grains, are transferred to the female reproductive structure (pistil) typically via pollination. Once the pollen reaches the stigma, it travels to the ovary where fertilization occurs, uniting the male gamete with the female gamete (contained in the ovule) to form a zygote. This zygote develops into a seed within the ovary, eventually maturing into a new plant. This process promotes genetic diversity, as it combines genetic material from two parent plants, contributing to the variability and adaptability of the offspring.

Class 12 Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Important Questions and Answers

Q1. What is the site of production of pollen grains in flowering plants?
Options
(a) Ovary
(b) Anther
(c) Stigma
(d) Style

Ans. (b) Anther
Explanation:
Pollen grains are produced in the anther, which is part of the stamen, the male reproductive organ of flowering plants. The anther contains pollen sacs where the microspores develop into pollen grains, facilitating the transfer of male gametes during fertilisation.

Q2. Which part of the flower develops into the seed after fertilisation?
Options
(a) Ovary
(b) Ovule
(c) Stigma
(d) Petal

Ans. (b) Ovule
Explanation:
The ovule develops into the seed after fertilisation. During this process, the fertilised ovule forms an embryo, while the surrounding tissue develops into the seed coat. The entire structure eventually becomes a seed, which can germinate into a new plant.

Q3. Explain the process of double fertilisation in flowering plants.

Explanation:
Double fertilisation is a unique process in flowering plants, where two fertilisation events occur simultaneously. One sperm cell fuses with the egg cell to form the zygote (2n), which is the first event of fertilisation. The second sperm cell fuses with the two polar nuclei (n + n) in the central cell of the female gametophyte, forming a triploid cell (3n). This triploid cell develops into the endosperm, which provides nourishment to the developing embryo.

Q4. Describe the role of the stigma in the process of pollination.

Explanation:
Role of the Stigma in Pollination:
The stigma is the uppermost part of the pistil (the female reproductive organ) in flowering plants. It plays a crucial role in the process of pollination:

  1. Pollen Reception: The stigma is designed to capture and hold pollen grains that are transferred from the anthers (male part of the flower) during pollination. It is often sticky or feathery, enhancing its ability to trap pollen effectively.
  2. Pollen Germination: Once pollen grains adhere to the stigma, they germinate. This process involves the growth of a pollen tube, which penetrates the stigma and style.
  3. Facilitating Fertilisation: The pollen tube travels down the style to reach the ovary, where it facilitates fertilisation by delivering sperm cells to the ovule.

The stigma thus acts as a crucial interface for the transfer of genetic material, enabling successful reproduction in flowering plants.

Q5. Discuss the various adaptations in flowers for cross-pollination.

Explanation:
Cross-pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower of the same species. Flowers have developed various adaptations to facilitate cross-pollination:

  • Dichogamy: This refers to the maturation of male and female reproductive organs at different times in the same flower, preventing self-pollination.
  • Self-incompatibility: It is a genetic mechanism where pollen grains of the same flower or another flower of the same plant are unable to perform fertilisation.
  • Structural modifications: Flowers may have physical structures that promote cross-pollination, such as long styles or stamens that extend out of the flower, making it more likely for pollinators to transfer pollen between flowers.
  • Bright colours and scents: Many flowers are brightly coloured and have strong scents to attract insects, birds, and other animals, which aid in the transfer of pollen.
  • Nectar and rewards: Flowers often produce nectar and other rewards to attract pollinators.
  • Placement of reproductive organs: The arrangement of stamens and pistils can be such that it promotes the transfer of pollen to the pollinators.

These adaptations ensure genetic diversity and the survival of species by promoting cross-pollination.

CBSE Class 12 Biology Chapter wise Important Questions

Chapter No.Chapter Name
Chapter 1Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Chapter 2Human Reproduction
Chapter 3Reproductive Health
Chapter 4Principles of Inheritance and Variation
Chapter 5Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Chapter 6Evolution
Chapter 7Human Health and Disease
Chapter 8Microbes in Human Welfare
Chapter 9Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
Chapter 10Biotechnology and its Applications
Chapter 11Organisms and Populations
Chapter 12Ecosystem
Chapter 13Biodiversity and Conservation

Conclusion

Exploring sexual reproduction in flowering plants questions, especially those classified as class 12 important questions, becomes essential for a comprehensive grasp of this fundamental aspect of plant biology. To enhance understanding, platforms like Oswal.io provide a wealth of resources, including question-answer sets, comprehensive class 12 questions and answers on reproductive processes in flowering plants, and a focus on the most important questions.

Frequently Asked Questions

Ans: Sexual reproduction in flowering plants serves to promote genetic diversity within populations. By combining genetic material from two parent plants, it introduces variation that enhances the adaptability and resilience of the species.
Ans: Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the male reproductive organ (anther) to the female reproductive organ (stigma). This process is crucial for bringing together male and female gametes, initiating fertilisation and ultimately leading to seed and fruit formation.
Ans: Fertilisation is the fusion of male and female gametes, resulting in the formation of a zygote. This process is vital for the development of seeds, which house the genetic information needed for the growth and development of new plants.
Ans: In most flowering plants, sexual reproduction is intimately tied to the structure of the flower. The flower houses the reproductive organs, such as the stamen and carpel, which are essential for the production and fusion of gametes.
Ans: Sexual reproduction introduces genetic variation, enhancing the adaptability of plant species to changing environmental conditions. This diversity is critical for the sustainability and survival of flowering plants within ecosystems.
Chapter Wise Important Questions for CBSE Board Class 12 Biology
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Human Reproduction
Reproductive Health
Principles of Inheritance and Variation
Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Evolution
Human Health and Disease
Microbes in Human Welfare
Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
Biotechnology and its Applications
Organisms and Populations
Ecosystem
Biodiversity and Conservation
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