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Human Health and Disease

Home / Boards / CBSE / Important Questions / Class 12 / Biology / Human Health and Disease

Class 12 Biology Chapter 7
Human Health and Disease
Important Questions

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Explore critical questions related to Chapter 7 on Human Health and Disease for Class 12 Biology. Crafted specifically to aid students in preparing for the CBSE Class 12 Biology Examination 2024–25, these questions cover vital aspects of the topic. Engaging with various question formats enhances students’ readiness for the exams, boosting confidence and honing problem-solving skills. Elevate your understanding of evolution with these essential Class 12 Biology questions, focusing on both vital and crucial aspects of the chapter.

Introduction

Human Health and Disease, as explored in Class 12 Biology, unravels the intricate dynamics of maintaining well-being and combating illnesses within the human body. This chapter delves into the complexities of various physiological and pathological aspects that govern human health. From understanding the immune system to analysing different disease patterns, students embark on a journey that encompasses physical, mental, and social dimensions. Much like the exploration of Reproductive Health, this chapter opens doors to crucial aspects reflected in human health class 12 important questions and answers, providing a comprehensive foundation for navigating the diverse facets of maintaining a healthy life.

What is Human Health and Disease?

Human health refers to the overall well-being of an individual, encompassing physical, mental, and social dimensions. It is the equilibrium of various physiological functions that allow the body to perform optimally. Disease, on the other hand, signifies a departure from this state of well-being, involving abnormalities in structure or function. Human Health and Disease in Class 12 Biology delve into the understanding of how the body maintains health and the factors that contribute to the onset of diseases. This exploration is often accompanied by questions and answers, including human health class 12 important questions, providing a deeper insight into the intricacies of this vital aspect of biology.

Class 12 Human Health and Disease Important Questions and Answers

Q1. Which one of the following is not a bacterial disease?
Options
(a) Tuberculosis
(b) Typhoid
(c) Malaria
(d) Cholera

Ans. (c) Malaria
Explanation:
Tuberculosis: Caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Typhoid: Caused by Salmonella typhi.
Cholera: Caused by Vibrio cholerae.
Malaria: Not a bacterial disease; it's caused by the protozoan Plasmodium, transmitted by mosquitoes.

Q2. What is the role of B-lymphocytes in the human immune system?
Options
(a) They produce antibodies
(b) They directly kill infected cells
(c) They are involved in the inflammatory response
(d) They activate T-lymphocytes

Ans. (a) They produce antibodies

Explanation:
B-lymphocytes (or B cells) play a crucial role in the adaptive immune response by producing antibodies. These antibodies bind to specific antigens on pathogens, helping to neutralise them and marking them for destruction by other immune cells.

Q3. Explain the significance of vaccination in preventing diseases.

Explanation:
Vaccination is a vital public health strategy for preventing infectious diseases. It involves introducing a weakened or inactivated form of a pathogen, or a fragment of it, into the body. This process stimulates the immune system to mount a response, including the production of specific antibodies, without causing the disease itself. This prepares the immune system to recognize and fight the specific pathogen in future exposures, thereby providing immunity. Vaccines have been instrumental in controlling, and in some cases, eradicating, serious diseases such as polio and smallpox.

Q4. Describe the role of antibiotics in treating diseases.

Explanation:
Antibiotics are antimicrobial substances that specifically target and kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria, making them essential in treating bacterial infections. They function by targeting specific components of bacterial cells, such as cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, or DNA replication, which are different from those in human cells. While antibiotics are effective against bacterial infections, they are not effective against viral infections (e.g., influenza, common cold). Responsible use of antibiotics is crucial to minimise the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, a growing public health concern. Misuse, such as over-prescription or incomplete courses, can contribute to this problem. Thus, proper diagnosis and adherence to prescribed treatment regimens are essential for effective disease management.

Q5. Discuss the causes, symptoms, and prevention of any one vector-borne disease.

Explanation:
Dengue fever is a vector-borne disease caused by the dengue virus, which is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito, primarily Aedes aegypti.

  • Causes: Dengue is caused by the dengue virus, of which there are four serotypes (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, and DEN-4). Infection by one serotype provides lifelong immunity to that serotype but not to the others. Subsequent infection by a different serotype increases the risk of severe dengue.
  • Symptoms: Dengue fever is characterised by high fever, severe headache, pain behind the eyes, joint and muscle pain, rash, and mild bleeding (e.g., nose or gums bleed, easy bruising). Severe dengue can be life-threatening and may include symptoms like persistent vomiting, severe abdominal pain, difficulty breathing, or blood in vomit.
  • Prevention: There is no specific treatment for dengue. Prevention focuses on avoiding mosquito bites and reducing mosquito habitats. This includes using mosquito repellent, wearing long-sleeved clothes, using mosquito nets, and eliminating standing water where mosquitoes can breed. Community-wide efforts to control mosquito populations and public health campaigns to raise awareness are also crucial.

Understanding and addressing vector-borne diseases like dengue is vital for public health, especially in tropical and subtropical regions where these diseases are prevalent.

CBSE Class 12 Biology Chapter wise Important Questions

Conclusion

The exploration of Human Health and Disease unveils the intricacies of maintaining well-being and combating illnesses. It emphasises the interconnectedness of physical, mental, and social aspects in ensuring a healthy life. This chapter addresses pivotal aspects reflected in human health class 12 important questions and answers, guiding students towards a comprehensive understanding. Much like the journey through Reproductive Health, platforms like Oswal.io offer a rich collection of questions and materials, extending beyond theoretical knowledge to practical insights. As students navigate the complexities of human health and disease, the comprehensive approach gained through these resources becomes essential for fostering healthier societies. Explore the wealth of materials on Oswal.io to enhance your understanding and engagement with the vital topic of Human Health and Disease, including human health class 12 important questions.

Frequently Asked Questions

Ans: Health, in the context of Human Health and Disease, refers to a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. It encompasses the overall equilibrium of various physiological functions within the human body.
Ans: The immune system plays a vital role in maintaining human health by defending the body against pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and other harmful substances. It recognizes and eliminates these invaders, contributing to the prevention of diseases.
Ans: Human Health and Disease explore various factors influencing the onset of diseases, including genetic predisposition, lifestyle choices, environmental factors, and the presence of pathogens. Understanding these factors is crucial for disease prevention and management.
Ans: Human Health and Disease emphasise holistic well-being by considering physical, mental, and social dimensions. It recognizes that health is not merely the absence of disease but a state of complete well-being, encompassing various aspects of an individual’s life.
Ans: The study of Human Health and Disease is essential for creating healthier societies as it equips individuals with knowledge about disease prevention, health promotion, and the factors influencing well-being. Informed individuals contribute to proactive health practices, fostering a healthier community.
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